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192 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
192 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
# Vim Reference
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This is intended as a brief reference for beginners.
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Vim does have a built in reference for each key, that can be accessed via
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:h <key>
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# Basics
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## Inserting Text
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`i` - Insert Text at the cursor
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`a` - Append Text after the cursor
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`I` - Insert text at the beginning of the line
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`A` - Insert text at the end of the line
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`o` - Insert a new line below the current line
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`O` - Inserts a new line above the current line
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## Saving and Quitting
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`esc` - Pressing escape will put you in normal mode, then pressing `:`
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will put you into command mode
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`:w` - Write to file
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`:q` - Quit file
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`Ctrl + ZZ` - Write and quit (`:wq`)
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`Ctrl + ZQ` - Force quit (`:q!`)
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# Motions for Movement
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Motions can also be used with other commands, such as dw to delete to next word
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or while selecting a visual block.
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Vim reference `:h motion.txt`
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`h,l` - Left, Right
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`j,k` - Down, Up
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`0` - Jump to the beginning of the line
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`$` - Jump up the end of the line
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`gg` - Jump to the top of the file
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`G` - Jump to the bottom of the file
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`:5` - Jump to line 5
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`{ }` - Jump up and down paragraphs
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`w` - Beginning of next word
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`e` - End of next word
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`b` - Beginning of last word
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`5w` - Move forwards 5 words, this also works with most commands
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`f<character>` - Moves to the next occurance of that character, good for quotes
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`%` - Jump to matching parenthesis, either forwards or back
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# Visual Selection
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Visually highlight the selection being made
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`v` - Select characters
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`V` - Select entire lines
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`Ctrl + v` - Visual block selection
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Visual mode, can also be used with motions
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`vi(` - Visually select the inside of some parenthesis
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`va{` - Visual select the the {} and their contents
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# Deleting and Clipboard
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Deleting, yanking, and pasting. Like other commands, can use motions too!
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`x` - Delete/cut character under cursor
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`d` - Delete/cut selection
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`dd` - Delete the line
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`d5d` - Delete 5 lines
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`d$` - Delete to end of the line
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`y` - Yank/copy selection
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`yy` - Yank the line
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`p` - Put/Paste at cursor
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`P` - Put/Paste after cursor
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# Editor Readibility(?)
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`zz` - Center the current line in the editor
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`zt` - Align the current line to the top of VIM
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`zb` - Align the current line to the bottom of VIM
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# Search
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`/<search>` - Search forwards
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`?<search>` - Search backwards
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`n` - Next search result
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`N` - Previous search result
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# Replace/Change/Substitute
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## Replace
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`r<character>` - Replaces the whatever is at the cursor with the character
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`R` - Replace mode. This enters an insert mode that writes over everything.
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## Change
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The more powerful alternative of replace
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`c` - Change. This will delete the selection, and put you into insert mode
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Yet again, this command can make use of, and gets its power from motions!
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`cw` - Change word
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`c$` - Change contents to the end of the line
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`ci(` - Change inside ( { "
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## Substitute
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This is the "change and replace" of vim. It makes use of regex.
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`:s/x/y` - Replace the first instance of x to y on the selected line
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`:s/x/y/g` - Replace globally all instances of x to y on the current line.
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`:%s/x/y/g` - Replace all instances of x to y on each line
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`:s/x/y/gc` - Replace all instances on the line, but prompt for each change
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# Cool stuff
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`.` - Repeats the last command. Eg. ci( will occur again
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# Buffers Splits Multitasking
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Vim can open numerous files/buffers at the same time.
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These can be in tab like buffers, or in a splitscreen view.
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## Buffers
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`:r`
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`:e filenam`
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`:bn`
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`:bp`
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`:bd`
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`:ls` - Shows the buffers
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`Ctrl+6` - Switches between the buffers
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`#Ctrl+6` - Switches to the buffer number
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## Splits
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:split
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:vs
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Ctrl + ww
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Ctrl + wr Switch the splits around
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# Setting variables in Vim
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Vim has extra features disabled by default, that can be very useful!
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`:set lines` - This adds line numbers
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`:syntax on` - Turns syntax highlighting on
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These variables can be added into a file called ~/.vimrc to automatically run
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every time vim opens.
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